Which characteristic of the welding arc must be controlled to prevent defects?

In welding, the characteristic of arc length is crucial for maintaining quality and preventing defects. Arc length refers to the distance between the electrode and the workpiece. A proper arc length ensures that the welding process can maintain a stable arc and consistent heat input to the weld area.

When the arc length is too short, it can lead to excessive heat, which may cause burn-through or warp the base materials. Conversely, if the arc length is too long, it can result in insufficient heat to properly melt the base materials or filler metal, leading to incomplete fusion and weak welds.

Controlling arc length helps achieve the optimal thermal conditions necessary for creating a strong and defect-free weld. It also plays a role in controlling the penetration and bead profile, which are critical aspects of weld quality. In summary, careful management of arc length contributes significantly to the overall integrity of the welded joint.